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Epoch

ML

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Definition

One full pass through the training dataset. Most large models are trained for less than a single epoch on a dataset so big that one pass is enough.

Posts that use this term

  • Fine-tuning a model locally

    When fine-tuning is the right answer (rarely) and how to do it on consumer hardware: LoRA, QLoRA, MLX-LM, Unsloth. A worked example fine-tuning Llama 3.2 3B on a 16GB Mac.

  • How a model learns: training and inference

    Training is the expensive one-time event where a model's numbers get tuned. Inference is the cheap repeated use afterwards. The gap in cost is enormous, and it shapes the whole industry.